CONNECTIONS (1)

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It seems ironic that this summer, punctuated as it is by heatwaves, record-breaking temperatures and wildfires from Suffolk to Sutherland (and that’s just in Britain) I should be so richly entertained by insects. Not ironic that they like the hot, dry weather – of course they do, so long as they have food and water. It’s as though, at the same time that we are forced to stare climate catastrophe in the face, we are also reminded of what we stand to lose. Nature is shouting at us!

Our local rewilding site (Rewilding Denmarkfield) recorded their highest annual count of butterflies in July, with 3 months still to go, and a wide diversity of bee, butterfly and moth species. In Taymount Wood, a wonderful wild flower walk organised by West Stormont Woodland Group and Perthshire Society of Natural Science culminated in an experience that could only be described as magical – walking through a woodland glade full of knapweed and thistles in flower, where the butterflies and moths were way too many to count, too glorious and moving around us in clouds, to identify. Many were quite common – Peacock, Red Admiral, Meadow Brown – and some less often spotted – Small Copper, Dark Green Fritillary. But identification becomes irrelevant when a Peacock Butterfly is sitting on your arm for ages and you realise just how astonishingly beautiful are those iridescent “eyes”, the sheen of gold and blue and glistening terracotta, the soft hairs around a plump abdomen, the unreal curliness of the nectar-seeking proboscis. In my own garden, where a holiday, a heatwave and a strimmer breakdown caused a dusty meadow of flowering grasses to replace what we used to pretend was a no-cut May & June “lawn”, Meadow Brown butterflies have moved in, and a cloud of micromoths whenever you try to walk through it.

Factors I’d like to think have helped: the careful meadow management regime at Denmarkfield; partly deliberate, partly accidental non-interventions by gardeners like me; WSWG managing to persuade Forest & Land Scotland NOT to cut the path edges just as the knapweed was starting to flower as they’ve done before….

Last week, I did my monthly Bee-walk, for the Bumblebee Conservation Trust. One of my Walks starts conveniently at my front door and this time, I found it hard to get out of the garden! Apart from spotting male Field Cuckoo bumblebees for the first time on the elecampane, there were so many bees on wild oregano and fascinating insects I wasn’t meant to be recording to engage with – as well as an unexpectedly large wasp byke in my comfrey-tea bin to escape from! I nibbled the first blackberries on my way; there has been such a huge crop of Tayberries, currants and gooseberries I haven’t begrudged the blackbirds a share of any of them. And the apple, pear and damson harvest will be spectacular soon.  I continued my Bee-walk, noting, as usual, less insects in general around highly-managed arable landscapes. But the rosebay willow herb in full flow along the verges literally buzzed. It had attracted more Field Cuckoo bees, and all a neighbour’s honeybees. Last month, wild raspberry flowers were the main attraction on this section. Now, most of the raspberries themselves had been eaten, by birds, beasts or humans – although those left, slightly fermenting, were being enjoyed by various shiny flies.

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It was a beautiful afternoon, so, bee walk finished, I kept on walking, along the narrow path where I foraged delectable, dripping-sweet gean cherries from the overhanging branches of self-sown wild cherry trees. Gean cherries can occasionally be disappointing – and they are always a quarter of the size of “shop” cherries – but these trees are special. Some produce rich, power packed black fruit, and some crisp, pale red and white ones – all are good. I ate all the ones I could reach by jumping and grabbing a branch, but my high-jumping skills have always been limited. On I went, past stands of feral and wild gooseberries in the hedgerow shade, to hunt speculatively for mushrooms in the wood and sit on my favourite log watching trees grow and fall, and seed swell. There I bumped into Sammy, a neighbouring dog, and his owner, Chris, who luckily is about ten feet tall. We walked back together, exchanging nature notes and helping ourselves to the high-up cherries, spitting out the stones into the hedgerow as we went along.

I thought about connections. Such a buzz-word these days! Do you have a connection? Are you well connected? What kind of connection do they have there? Have you lost your connection? These were the connections I listed:

Between the insects and the flowers, causing fruit and seed
Between the fruit in my garden and the birds who get half of them
Between me and my neighbours, who share the fruit in our gardens, and the jams and jellies we make
Between the animals – squirrels, birds, deer, mice, me and Chris – who eat the fruit and disperse the seed to grow more trees and bushes
Between the trees, bushes and flowers who evolved to survive  through pollination by insects and seed dispersal by animals

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These are just some of the vital connections we need to enshrine in our consciousness. And, perhaps to a lesser degree, but in a way that has become necessary, even the high-speed broadband and fibre connections that inform, that make citizen science relevant, that create dialogues, promote regenerative ways of thinking, change the mindset of turgid quangos and (maybe) some stuck politicians – and which bring these ramblings to your inbox.

Nature IS shouting – let’s keep listening.

The Difference a Drop of Rain Makes

A Post for West Stormont Woodland Group

https://www.weststormontwoodlandgroup.org.uk/

Five Mile Wood today is a wood part-forest, part scrub and heath. When the Forestry Commission took out the last tree crop, they left a fragile fringe, largely of Scots Pine, around the north-east side of the circular path that now forms almost the only access to the bulk of the wood. The Benchil burn trickles through and under the path here, on its way to the Tay, and water from the high water table of the central area percolates into a series of pathside ditches and curious water-holes made by a forestry digger. This is the wet side of the wood. While the trees must take up a lot of water, their canopy also prevents evaporation, and after recent heavy rain, the glades and ditches are alive with summer flowers and butterflies.

Sphagnum, Lesser Spearwort, ladder ferns and willows congregarte in wet ditches.

Heath Bedstraw and Tormentil are strewn along the path edges like yellow and white confetti, and red clover flourishes heroically on the banks. Meadow Vetchling and Bird’s Foot Trefoil are visited by brown ringlet, wood white, common blue, and pearl-bordered fritillary butterflies, who pause and spread themselves out infrequently on warm stones and bark shreds on the path.

Ringlet Butterfly

Common Blue Butterfly

Bright Hawkweeds grow tall and enthusiastic, stretching for the dappled sun that today is scorching whenever the clouds part. In the cooler shade, sweet-scented Valerian grows. It prefers a damp habitat, and its white to pinkish flowers are nectar-rich, a magnet for more butterflies. This plant is widely used in herbal medicine, its roots being a soporific. Common Orchids and Viper’s Bugloss unusually share a habitat. Here and there are thistles, always a good bee-flower, and today a relevant newcomer to central Scotland, the Tree Bumble Bee (Bombus hypnorum) is engrossed with nectar collection.

Tree Bumblebee (Bombus hypnorum)

The true nature of this tract of land gives itself away in the damp bases of ditches and where vague deer tracks can be followed a short way into the springy sphagnum. It is part of a network of raised bog, myre or moss that probably once were joined. King’s Myre in Taymount Wood is another remnant. Damselflies hover over the multicoloured water forget-me-nots in conjoined pairs. The Lesser Spearwort dazzles from many a watery ditch and aptly-named Ragged Robin, dances its frilly pink skirts by the burn. Acid-loving and ubiquitous tormentil abounds, and bell heather is in flower already – another treat for insects.

Chickweed Wintergreen peeks out from ferns and sphagnum mosses

We humans are such visual creatures, and it’s the flowers that draw us and grab our attention. But flowers are the tip of the ecological iceberg of the wet side of the wood. Ferns, grasses,  unidentified rushes and reeds are the matrix of this habitat, while unnoticed and unobtrusive, the sphagnum mosses proiliferate, and go on with their work of creating peat, holding onto water – and capturing carbon.

How the woods work to heal us.

Clockwise from top left: Red Clover, Valerian, Viper’s Bugloss, Ragged Robin, Common Spotted Orchid